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Japan and the U.S.
Notes from Japan, China and the Powers
For The U.S. War Against Asia
by William P. Meyers
Also sponsored by Peace Pins
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Page 8 of 8
Outline 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
The Declarations of War in 1941 and the Aftermath
All [page numbers] reference China, Japan, and the Powers by Meribeth E. Cameron, Thomas H. D. Manhoney, and George E. McReynolds. The Ronald Press Company, New York. Copyright 1952
In late November, 1941, United States Secretary of State Cordell Hull demanded that Japan withdraw its troops from China, quit the Axis, and adopt a “liberal commercial policy.” Ambassador Nomura made a detailed peace proposal to Hull on November 20, 1941. Again, it offered to withdraw from Indochina and negotiate a peace in China in return for the U.S. supplying Japan with oil. Hull rejected the offer and instead of seeking peace in Japan, promised more military aid to Chiang Kai-shek. [494]
Hull made his final ultimatum on November 26, 1941 and declared that “the matter is now in the hands of the Army and Navy.” [495]
The Japanese decided war was their only option on December 1, 1941. The details of the declaration of war and the timing of the action against the U.S. invasion fleet at Pearl Harbor are presented. [495-497]
Asian colonies of Europe and the United States were quickly liberated (or occupied by the Japanese) after Pearl Harbor. Malaya, Thailand, Hong Kong, and British North Borneo were liberated in December 1941. Singapore, the Dutch East Indies, and the Philippines were liberated by the early months of 1942. The French were allowed to remain in Indochina, the Portuguese in Timor and Macao, but only by Japanese permission. [546]
While Japan (or its “puppet government”) occupied China, the U.S. and Great Britain finally decided to give up their extraterritoriality privileges in treaties singed January 11, 1943 with Chiang Kai-Shek. The U.S. also finally repealed laws excluding Chinese from the U.S. on December 17, 1943. The new law allowed 105 Chinese to immigrate to the U.S. annually. [548]
In 1944 and 1945 America bombing raids on china burned 111 square miles of Tokyo and 20 square miles of Yokohama, as well as other urban centers. [552]